Political globalization

1. Summary
Political Globalization
Gerard Delanty and Chris Rumford
Last time when we studied about cultural globalization, there were many multidimensional definitions of globalization. It was, for example, economical, political, technological one including alteration of environmental and cultural changes. In political globalization, the concept of globalization as used refers to the multidimensional, accelerated and interconnected organization of space and time across nation borders. As development of political globalization, new emancipatory possibilities has opened up. Political globalization can be understood as a tension between three processes which interact to produce the complex field of global politics: global geopolitics, global normative culture and polycentric networks.
 The first dimension of political globalization is the geopolitics of global power. Globalization does not undermine the democratic nation-state but gives it worldwide acceptability. And the second dimension of political globalization refers to the rise of a global normative culture. This is independent of geopolitics and is largely legal but diffused in global political communication. Another dimension of globalization that is less related to states and which is not reducible to global normative culture. These processes of political globalization are associated with network and flows and denote new relationships between the individual, state and society.
 The notion of the decline of the nation-state in a post-statist world of government should be replaced by the idea of the continued transformation of the nation-state. Globalization has enhanced not undermined them. In other words the state has become more diffuse. It is less easily defined in terms of territory or in terms of political community. A distinction needs to be made between states and nation-states. Two-kinds of decoupling processes are evident: the decoupling of nationality and citizenship and the decoupling of nationhood and statehood. Communication is central to politics. Most nation-states have been based on a nation language, which was increasingly standardized over time. Until now this has been conceived of as a nation public sphere. Moreover the idea of the public sphere was theorized in terms of decline as a result of the rise of the commercial mass media. The public sphere is now pervaded by what can be called a global public.
The ‘civil societalization’ of politics both reinforces the idea that politics is increasingly informed by a normative global culture and points to the transformation of the nation-state as a site of political struggle. It has also resulted from the erosion of the state/society distinction inspired by ‘governance turn’ and the increasing connectivity between global and local political forms. The rescaling of politics as a consequence of globalization has caused a major reassessment of the role and meaning of borders and spaces in the construction of politics. Globalization has also generated new roles for sub-national regions and allowed for their greater interconnectivity and networking between the borders. And it intensified opportunities for ‘world cities’ and generated an awareness of cosmopolitan spaces and the ‘inner mobilities’ associated with an increasingly networked world. The focus on new spaces and new forms of connectivity has led to a realization that space is constitutive of social and political relations, not just a ‘given’. Indeed, political globalization has worked to create the possibility for a proliferation of sites of political conflict around an expanded set of concerns: governance, identity, mobilities and community prominent amongst them.
2. What was interesting/ what did you learn
What I was very interested in this chapter is that the concept of globalization is really various. I did learn about the cultural globalization last time, and now I’ve learned about political globalization. I guess the next time will be the economic globalization. I thought that globalization is just globalization. I didn’t know that globalization has different kind of areas like culture, political and economy. Especially I’ve never imagined that political can interact to each country. I thought that political can only decide their own. I can easily imagine culture exchange each country but I couldn’t think about the political. And the fact that political include local, regional, national, transnational is also useful thing in this chapter. After I reading this context, I can think of as political globalization not just national assembly but local council.
3. Discussion Point
How political globalization works? And what will happen if the system breakdown?