1) summarize ;
We studied political globalization refers to
the development of a political infrastructure of global governance in our
class. In this article, it says that we can understand political globalization as
a tension between three processes interacting to produce the complex field of
global politics: global geopolitics, global normative culture and polycentric
networks.
The globalization of the nation-state, and its
model of political membership and institutionalized governance, has given form
to the universal aspiration for democracy. Democracy is the universally
acceptable government form. In many parts of the world, the democratic
nation-state has given rise to very different kinds of political cultures.
Global normative culture is independent of
geopolitics and human rights and environmental concerns are expressions of
this. Political communication is also global in scope, no longer constraint to
national borders because of global communications, popular culture and so on. One
of distinctive features of global civil society is that it does not have on
space but many; it’s polycentric. Globalization can enhance democracy. However,
it also fragment it by shifting autonomy to capitalism.
Polycentric networks create new opportunities
for autonomy and the recognition of a range of new actors and new models of
governance. It also causes instabilities and dangers. With the transition from
a world economy dominated by national economies to a global economy new
economic forces come into play challenging the power of the nation-state. Instead
of struggling to gain territorial power over other states, most states are
struggling to control firms that have become rivals to states. Globalization
reconfigures the state around global capitalism, making it possible for nation-states
to be independent.
Nation-states have been based on
centralized systems of communication. The public sphere is the site of
politics. The global is inside the social world in numerous ways. Political
communication in the public sphere is increasingly framed by global issues.
Global normative culture is playing a leading role as shaping political
communications. Also, political globalization is most visible as change in
political communication and in the wider transformation of public sphere.
The importance of civil society to political
globalization lies in its potential to organize resistance to the global
hegemony of capitalism and/or the US. Global civil society holds the promise of
resolving contradictory tendencies in terms of what have become central to the
experience of globality.
New spaces and new forms of connectivity in
globalization has led to a realization that space is constitutive of social and
political relations, not simply a given which comes with the territory.
Borders don’t necessarily map directly onto
territory and states and they are becoming dispersed throughout society.
There are many arguments about what global
civil society acts for.
It’s called dark-side of civil society that global civil societies create new instabilities and dangers.
I don’t have critical point of view on global civil society.
I usually thought that it’s useful, helpful, and neutral to all countries.
It’s interesting and I’m surprised that Mary Robinson claimed there are two superpowers left on the planet: the United States and civil society.
It’s called dark-side of civil society that global civil societies create new instabilities and dangers.
I don’t have critical point of view on global civil society.
I usually thought that it’s useful, helpful, and neutral to all countries.
It’s interesting and I’m surprised that Mary Robinson claimed there are two superpowers left on the planet: the United States and civil society.
3) Discussion point ;
With this article and our latest lectures, I
want to share opinions about driving force on relation between politics and globalization.
What is driving force on political globalization? Before I took this class, I usually
thought globalization issues such as EU, FTA, global laws, global regulations
and consultations in the economic view because I studied economics
and international trades. So, I try to understand globalization as a result of
numerous dimensions recently. Studying international trades, I studied that regulations
and consultations between many countries are made in terms of power. There is
no equality between power in making consultations and regulations. As there is
difference of power of each country, it’s acceptable. However, I learned there’re
many types of intergovernmental organizations which is not related to economy.
And I want to know how diverse other people think on this matter : driving force
on political globalization.
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