Cultural Globalization

1.     Summary of "Cultural globalization:

 Globalization is a multidimensional process which involved various factors like economy, politics, technological developments-media and communications technologies, environmental change and cultural factors and so on. So globalization is shown as various forms in broad areas and the interaction which made globalization is very complex. Also, the process of globalization progress rapidly with development of network across international boundaries.

Thus, there are various views to analyze globalization and many of them, especially western critics said that the cultural globalization is dominated by western capitalism values. Because cultural globalization is highly related with global market and it is affected by capitalism. So many socialist and economist created concepts like ‘Cultural imperialism’, ‘Americanization’, ‘Westernization’ and even ‘McDonaldization’. And they think the global culture is the result of the cultural globalization which contributed by the spread of commodity, knowledge in mainstream of globalization.

Clifford Geertz said ‘Culture is not a power, something to which social events can be causally attributed.’ It means culture is influence our lifestyle and values. And the more cultural globalization processed, the more values lead in a single global culture. There are many discussions which considered by international values. We handle same problems like global warming and influenza security. But it is not meaning of international unify. Like the discussion of ‘Westernization’ or ‘Americanization’, the mainstream of globalization is led by advanced countries which have power to exert their influence. So there must be differences of the initiative.

Also, there are conflicts between different culture in the process of globalization. For example, many Muslim countries do not want globalization because they regard globalization with the perspective of Westernization. So they afraid that globalization damage their own values. And these topics occurred various sections in many countries because nowadays, the world connectivity is increasing rapidly.

Finally, there are different views about local effect into culture. Until the present days, most of people believe that culture has foundation in locality and they think such local place created their specific culture. But the people who espouse ‘Deterritorialization’, said that culture is created in the integration of different events and merge of process or relationships in reality.

2.     What was interesting/what did you learn:

 I interested that I can actually feel the concept about globalization in my life. The Korean society which I born was capitalized and there were many things of American or western culture. Furthermore, the game ‘StarCraft’ which I played in my childhood is produced in north America. Therefore, actually I was grown up in the society which already globalized also in progress. And I really feel about the change of world connectivity. When I in the childhood. It was transition period of developing IT technology. So I just communicated with my friends in online and we shared about trend cultures. But it is not about trend of international culture. However, these days we can easily find international trend culture in online spheres like ‘YouTube’, ‘Facebook’ and ‘Twitter’. Even we can contribute international online encyclopedia like ‘Wikipedia’. Because of these things, I deeply feel about the concept in our class and it makes the lecture more impressive.

3.     Discussion Point:

 My first discussion point is ‘The cultures which created in these days are really irrelevant with locality?’ Though it is already discussed by many persons. But I think it is very important and interesting topic, also I have different view about ‘Deterritorialization’. So I want to discuss about that.

The people who argued deterritorializaion said no more cultures have foundation with localities. But I think it will be never happened. Because every spheres which create culture have specific disposition. For example, newspaper homepages in Korea have their own tendency. Even though they are in same country. Like this, each group has different characteristic and it is commonly based on locality. Also we can easily find conflicts between different culture and I think these gaps will always exist. Because there are differences in the relationship between peoples. And they are based on distance of real world. For example, we are more affected with close friends than person who is got to know in online place. Like this, the locality affects resident in the generality of cases. So I think locality affects specific group culture continuously.

Second, ‘Is culture really irrelevant with power?’ Some socialists and economist said culture influence life but not about power. I’m very confused in this context. In these days, cultural enterprise is considered powerful business. Obviously it is connected with economical benefits and international competitiveness. Especially, Korean culture enterprise which represented by K-pop and drama is considered that it has economic potential. Also, in some way, tourist industries are based on cultural property. So in my opinion, from now on, culture can be regarded main power. And I want to discuss this topic with classmate.

Cultural globalization

1. Summary

As we studied last time, there are many multidimensional definitions of ‘globalization’ such as economical, political, technological ones including alteration of environmental and cultural changes. But the more common definition of globalization is a complex, accelerating, integrating process of global connectivity. So the most important feature of globalization is a building networks of interconnections and interdependencies that characterize material, social, economic and cultural life in the modern world. But many scholars have been warned that the dominance of the capitalist system. People have to resist the temptation to attribute it with causal primacy in the globalization process. There are two reasons for this. First, questions about how effective the economic practices and cultural ones. Scholars insist that admitting the economic reductionism is just an unrealistically narrow conception of understanding the economic concept. The writer said the second reason is it distorts our understanding of the sphere of culture. One reason why it seems natural to speak of globalization’s impact on culture is that global market processes which is represented as cultural imperialism, Americanization or Westernization. In this way, the culture seems to be a peculiarly inert category. Clifford Geertz said that culture is not a power, something to which social events can be causally attributed.

If we are asked the question like what do you think the global culture is? We could answer that the culture is unifying the effects of connectivity with the other factors of society such as economic sphere which is tightly integrated system of the global market. Roland Robertson said, in the past it could be possible to understand the local independent system of local economy and culture but nowadays the world become more and more globalized so now the world seems to be a one integrated society by emerging the American economic, cultural effects. There are common samples of that discussion. Nation-states are locked into a complex global capitalistic system which restricts their autonomy independently to order their economic affairs and also the cultures systems. It causes a lot of loss of non-western cultural traditions.

There are another notion of understand the cultural globalization. It called Deterritorialization. It highlightened the importance of the geographical location of culture. As we already feel it, culture is no longer restricted to local circumstances.

2. Interesting things I learned

As the many sociologist asserted before, it was very fascinating to me that the understanding the cultural globalization’s effects. We discussed during the class already, I am very interested about how far the cultural globalization’s effect could reach. In that way, there are severe problems that the power of globalization cause the cultural imperialism and it was little shock to me. Imperialism lead the whole world into a chaotic wars in the past. But now we are living in the unified world and we are affected the globalization in everyday life. In this sense, I become to be concerned about what side effect could be caused by the cultural imperialism by reading this article.

3. Discussion point.

Korea has a long history and culture from the past. Especially we had been lived in a Confucian ideology for a very long time. Because of the Confucian ideology, Korean people have been empathized to be polite to others and be considerate to others especially to the elders. I think that Korean traditional culture is very humane and proud thing. But as we already know, the western culture and economical priority take its effect more and more to Korean society. The present world runs with economical principles but there are lots of important values except the economic values. I think we should alert the economical afficiency. I wonder what you guys think.

Cultural Globalization

1. Summary

Globalization is a multidimensional process, taking place simultaneously within the spheres of the economy, of politics, of technological developments-particularly media and communications technologies-of environmental change and of culture. One simple way of defining globalization, without giving precedence or causal primacy to any one of these dimensions, is to say that it is a complex, accelerating, integrating process of global connectivity.  People must resist the temptation to attribute it with causal primacy in the globalization process. First, because we are not dealing with straightforward empirical judgments about what specific practices drive everything else, but also with questions of the constitution of analytical categories. The second reason is that it distorts our understanding of the sphere of culture.

As Cultural Globalization is spread, the globalization process is that it will lead to a single global culture. However, increasing global connectivity by no means necessarily implies that the world is becoming, in the widest sense, either economically or politically ‘unified’. Despite all this, there persists, at least among some Western critics, a tendency to imagine globalization pushing us towards an all-encompassing ‘global culture’. Globally marketed formulaic Hollywood movies, Western popular music genres and television formats appear to many as what the filmmaker Bernado Bertolucci once referred to as ‘a kind of totalitarianism of culture’.

A different way of approaching these issues is to view contemporary globalization in the context of a much longer historical context in which societies and cultures have imagined the world as a single place, with their own culture at the centre of it. 

2.

It is interesting to describe the globalization in a number of ways. Childhood, I think that globalization can only be described as cultural but an adult now, that globalization is described more in economic terms. Particularly in today's highly globalized, the economic governance invisible system exists between the great powers and weak. This results in a deepening global inequalities.

3.

As a result of globalization, what do inflows of foreign capital affect the economy of each country? Does each country have mutual aid? Or Does the deepening inequalities?

Cultural Globalization

1.

One common speculation about the globalization process is that it will lead to a single global culture. This is only a speculation, but the reason it seems possible is that we can see the ‘unifying’ effects of connectivity in other spheres – particularly in the economic sphere where the tightly integrated system of the global market provides the model. And indeed, globalization in some of its aspects does have this general unifying character. Whereas it was in the past possible to understand social and economic processes and practices as a set of local, relatively ‘independent’ phenomena, globalization makes the world in many respects, to quote Roland Robertson, a ‘single place’. Obvious examples of this are the way in which nation-states are locked into a complex global capitalistic system which restricts their autonomy independently to order their economic affairs, or the now evident tendency for environmental effects of local industrial processes – for instance CFC emissions – rapidly to become global problems.

As I suggested in discussion of the prospects for a global culture, the idea of a progressive, cosmopolitan cultural politics deserves to be taken seriously. This does not necessarily mean endorsing grand projects for ‘global governance’; rather it means trying to clarify, and ultimately to reconcile, the attachments and the values of cultural difference with those of an emergent wider global-human ‘community’. This is a dilemma. On the one hand there are the attractions of what we might think of as a ‘benign’ form of universalism, preserving some key ideas of human mutuality and underlying the broad discourse of human rights and the hope of wider horizons of global solidarity. But on the other, the equally attractive principles of respect for the integrity of local context and practices, cultural autonomy, cultural identity and ‘sovereignty’. At the heart of the cultural-political problems posed by contemporary globalization, lies what Amanda Anderson has described as the ‘divided legacies of modernity’: two sets of strong rational principles pulling in different directions. Universal human rights or cultural difference? We don’t really know which fl ag to stand beside because in most cases there seem good reasons to stand beside both.


2.

Before I read this article, I didn't know conception of ‘deterritorialization’.

And I can't imagine this relation between deterritorialization and globaliztion. Deterritorialization makes is that the culture produced by locality is no longer and is 'the loss of the "natural" relation of culture to geographical and social territories.

Development of communication is more and more, but the location is no important. It is amazing fact to me.

And Marx's opinion is impressed to me. In another lecture, we learned Marx but I don't know his view about communism in cultural globaliztion.

 

 

3.

 

As read this writing we learned many thing on cultural globalization. Food, Movie, Actors etc. There are many element in culture but I think the Internet is very important. We can know another country's cluture, manners, tourist attractions and theirs lifestyle, thinking. For example, nowdays, instargram(SNS) is very popular all over the world. We can see foreigner's life, foreign country figures through that. I wonder other students' thinking about importance of Social Network Service(SNS) in cultural globaliztion.

3.

02. Cultural globalization

1. Summary

Globalization is multidimensional process and integrating network. Connectivity defines use of communications technologies, urban environments and manner of social. Chief assumption is economic sphere that dominates the imagination and language of corporate business. We must resist temptation to attribute with casual primacy in globalization process. First reasoen is that constitution of analytical categories. Second reason is it distorts understanding of culture. Core of cultural globalization is interpretation of cultural imperialism, americanization or westernization. We have to probe complicated and elusive of culture. Culture is primordial context in which human agency arises and takes place. Useful way to consequentiality of culture for globalization is to grasp how culturally informed local actions. Subjectivities of human beings is important. Cultural globalization involves the increasing reflexivity of modern life.

 

SIngle global culture is unifying effects of connectivity. Increasing global connectivity is becoming widest sense. We have to qualify globalization as uneven process. Tendency to globalization push us towards an all-encompassing western. Stake for cultural analysis is deeper cultural implications of capacity. Connectivity of globalization disparate cultures into closer contact. There is pre-modern example of globalism. Different order of representation where the sacred and the empirical aren't disentangled. But we can't entire spurious nature of universal pretension. Universalizing discourse disappeared with sophistiation of cultural modernity. Tendency of unwarranted universalizing is core of european enlightenment rationality. Karl Marx said global culture is found in nineteenth century. But he combies eurocentric to other cultures. He see the destruction of non-european cultures. Marx view of culture was firmly rooted in european tradition. He appears as cheerfully optimistic about the prospects for globality. To take one'w own culture as obvious model as common is understandable.

 

Utopian and Dystopian speculation are poor predictions of actual cultural development. Understanding effects of globalization is felt within particular localities. Globalization is changing experience of locality and grasping deterritorialization. Culture is not tied to the constraints of local circumstances. Culture means particularity and location. But complex connectivity of globalization threatens to undermine conceptualization. Because it challengs insular thinking through which culture and fixity of location are paired. If globalization is spread of complext socialeconomic connections and deterritorialization is connectivity into locality that everday life experienced. Weakening of traditional ties will prove to be effect of cultural globalization. Deterritorialization is integration of distant events and dimension of experience. It's ordinary everday practice to relevant environment. Telemediatization of culture is distiction in 20C. It peculiar form of mobility as a novel form that experience is made present to human beings. Our use of media and communications technologies helps to define what's to exist as social being in the modern world. Cultural assumption runs technological developments to be valued. Larger cultural question is what speed and instant access means in emotion, social relations and cultural values. Deterritorialization promote sensibility of cultural openness.

 

 

2. Mention

From this reading, I can learn various terms about globalization. Of that, I am deeply impressived in deterritorialization. Deterritorialization is beside the point of structure and system. It is splitting flow to get out from repression and control. Desire flows are linked and make revolution to social structure. It can make new desire and create subject more and more. I can feel the dynamic power of globalization. Now, there is no seperation between subject and object.

 

 

3. Question

Even in globalization, humanity and human being are important. But, world is too big to deal with every people in the world. So, there are people who can not have substantive welfare. Gap between the rich and poor is increasing now. How can give effective welfare for every people in world. From different culture, various language and varied life, it must be different from these diverse condition. I think we need to make careful concern for isolated people. I want to talk with classmates.

 

 

Cultural Globalization

1. Summary

  First, Globalization is a multidimensional ways about integration. In radical perspective, it should be regarding as cultural imperialism. However, globalization is a complex, accelerative progress of integration. It is usually expressed to connectedness and interdependence. Globalization is an increasing of economy, politics and society in modern world through development of technical skills. Our modern skills increase connectivity. So globalization is a progress of physical and cultural integration about global world.

  A common view of globalization is a single global culture. In old time, Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels forecasted that there will be global culture in future communist society. Therefore, religious belief should be disappeared and human will lead an integrated culture which is caused from huge religion, cosmopolitans. Our real world has been experienced similar ways as a communist and internationalist, Marx and Engels said, but little bit different. We have an experience about globalization in many aspects of our life. In this, it is important to distinct between culture itself and cultural by-products.

  Also, deterritorialization is an ambiguity about distinction between culture and geographical territory. It means not just loss of local culture. It is related to experience of economy, politics, society and culture in human life. It is hard to consider as simple integration because it is relevant to problems of the necessities of our life.

  Globalization expand gradually in global scale. To date, there has been several arguments, among them, mediation between Universal Human Rights and Cultural Identity is important. We should have to make a division of Globalization and Westernization. Westernization had a characteristic concerned with imperialism in modern society. In a process of globalization, compulsion must be taken warning. Because Cultural Autonomy and Universal Human Rights both are important elements. Therefore, it is important to seek a common ground initiatively between two elements.

 

2. What was interesting / what did you learn

  When I read this article, I'm interesting about scale of globalization. It is impressive that cultural globalization is not just some visible things like music and eating goods. In fact, many aspects of our life have not came from our own tradition. We are familiar with eating Mcdonald or using I-phone. These goods contain values which related to their society. Our using is not just for convenience but sharing sense of values. And social, political, economical elements that come from those goods effect to our life directly.

  Also, as a student of sociology, opinion Marx and Engels said about single culture is very persuasive. For now, globalization don't go along what they said, it is sure that connectivity has expanded. And our subjective decision can do well in decision between locality and unification. Moreover, can our society which is sum of individual represent us well?

 

3. Discussion point

  I think about FTA(Free Trade Agreement). FTA could be consider as economic things, but it should be affect to various ways of our society. This agreement is about trade between two nations something like car, rice, and so on. Through this, we can use foreign goods cheaply but it could threat our own things. So many farmers and small retailers opposed a resistance to the FTA. Abolishing import duties make competitive power to foreign company, so they export their goods to us actively. We are more exposed to foreign goods which contain their country's value(culture). At the same time, our goods has weaken because of them. Is this phenomenon desirable?

Cultural Globalization

Cultural Globalization

1) Summarize
It may seem a rather obvious point to begin with, but to understand the meaning and character of ‘cultural globalization’ I first have to understand some defining features of the two constituent terms. At its most basic, globalization is quite simply a description of these networks and of their implications: of the ‘flows’ around them – and across international boundaries – of virtually everything that characterizes modern life: flows of capital, commodities, people, knowledge, information and ideas, crime, pollution, diseases, fashions, beliefs, images and so forth. So understanding globalization as a generalized process of increasing connectedness helps us to keep in mind the multidimensional complexity of the process. So the first reason to resist the temptation to economic reductionism is that it operates on an unrealistically narrow conception of the economic. The second reason is that it distorts our understanding of the sphere of culture. Common expressions like ‘the impact of globalization on culture’ or ‘the cultural consequences of globalization’ contain a tacit assumption that globalization is a process which somehow has its sources and its terrain of operation outside of culture. To clarify this, I have to probe a little more into the peculiarly complicated and often elusive concept of culture. ‘Culture is not a power, something to which social events can be causally attributed’ says Clifford Geertz and this is surely right to the extent that we should think of cultural processes primarily as oriented towards the construction of socially shared meanings.
One common speculation about the globalization process is that it will lead to a single global culture. This is only a speculation, but the reason it seems possible is that we can see the ‘unifying’ effects of connectivity in other spheres – particularly in the economic sphere where the tightly integrated system of the global market provides the model. And indeed, globalization in some of its aspects does have this general unifying character.

2) Interesting items I learned
A different way of approaching these issues is to view contemporary globalization in the context of a much longer historical context in which societies and cultures have imagined the world as a single place, with their own culture at the center of it. This sort of imagination has been a consistent feature of the founding narratives of cultural collectivities – particularly of faith communities – and we can learn something appropriate to the contemporary situation from a brief consideration of a couple of historical examples. I am interesting this part. Before I learned this material, I didn’t know globalization’s historical context.

3) Discussion point
An alternative perspective on cultural globalization emphasizes the transfiguration of worldwide diversity into a pandemic of Westernized consumer culture. Some critics argue that the dominance of American culture influencing the entire world will ultimately result in the end of cultural diversity. Such cultural globalization may lead to a human monoculture. This process, understood as cultural imperialism, is associated with the destruction of cultural identities, dominated by a homogenized and westernized, consumer culture. The global influence of American products, businesses and culture in other countries around the world has been referred to as Americanization. This influence is represented through that of American-based television programs which are rebroadcast throughout the world. Major American companies such as McDonald's and Coca-Cola have played a major role in the spread of American culture around the globe. Terms such as Coca-colonization have been coined to refer to the dominance of American products in foreign countries, which some critics of globalization view as a threat to the cultural identity of these nations.

Cultural Globalization

Summary

It's generally accepted that globalization is a multidimensional process. Globalization can simply defined as a complex, accelerating, integrating process of global connectivity. In our lives, we can see increasing connectivity in many ways. We communicate with people all over the world by mobile phones, computers, e-mail, and internet. It influence our style of living: fashion, food, music, cinema, manner, etc.
Understanding globalization's multidimensional characteristic is very important. The economic sphere is the crucial element. The capitalist system conquer global system. There is two reasons why we have to resist the temptation to economic reductionism. First, it operates on an unrealistically narrow conception of the economic. Second, it distorts our understanding of the sphere of culture.
It's hard to answer the question 'what is culture for?'. But answering this is very important in studying globalization. Culture have causality and it can inspire and direct individual and collective actions. Cultural globalization increase reflexivity in modern life.

It's common speculation that globalization have general unifying character. Globalization makes the world a 'single place'(Roland Robertson, 1992).  For example, today almost every nation-states are locked into a complex global capitalistic system.
Cultural globalization is connected with cultural imperialism. So many western companys are in our life:Disney, Coca-Cola, Microsoft, Google, McDonald's, Starbucks, etc. They dominate world cultures.
The first appearance of globalizing was in thirteenth-century Europe. It was represented by a map that made by Ebstorf Mappa Mundi. The map shows the world round and with some recognizable features of the known physical Europe('the world' in that time) but withour familiar pattern of continents divided by oceans. Instead the land is divided into three parts by rivers. It was religous map. So we can see europeans view of globalism: world of christendom.
Later, European Enlightenment rationality make Western culture preserves the imagined projection of 'our world' into 'the world'. There was cosmopolitan thinkers like Kant.
Karl Marx’s depiction of a future communist society provides what is perhaps the most vivid imagination of a global culture
to be found in either nineteenth- or twentieth-century social thought.

There is another way of explain cultural globalization. It is by understanding the effects of globalization as they are felt within particular localities. The idea of deterritorialization implies the collapse of relation of culture to geographical and social territories. Deterritorialization, then, means that the importance of the geographical location of a culture – not only the physical, environmental and climatic location, but ethnic boundaries and unlimiting activities that have accrued around this.
The idea of 'Deterritorialization' has radically theoretically effected on traditional ways of understanding culture. Culture has long held connotations that to tying it to the idea of a fixed locality. The idea of ‘a culture’ connects meaning construction with particularity and location with ‘territory’.
Today, the development of communication technologies make local culture to be more global.

Cosmopolitanism means trying to clarify, and ultimately to reconcile, the attachments and the values of cultural difference with those of an emergence of global human community. It has dilemma, 'the attractions of what we might think of as a 'benign' form of universalism' vs 'the equally attractive principles of respect for the integrity of local context and practices, cultural autonomy, cultural identity and 'sovereignty'.
The globalization will make new global identity. And the most thing is will be human. However, the crucial mistake of those who regard globalization as a threat to cultural identity is confusing this Western-modern form of cultural imagination with a universal of human experience. All cultures construct meaning via practices of collective symbolization. But not all historical cultures have ‘constructed’ identity in the regulated institutional forms that are now dominant in the modern West.

New, interesting, or unusual items I learned

I didn't know 'Deterritorialization' and 'Cosmopolitanism' before. Because there are few data about them, which in Korean, in internet. But after carry out this blog assignment, I can understand those concepts.

Question, concern, or discussion angle

If people have highly level of communication technology in the feature, cultures of the world can be intergrated?


2014048695 Hashin Choi

Cultural glbalization

1.
John Tomlinson wrote about concept of culture, relationchip between globalization and culture as connectivity,
deterritorialization aspects.
Culture means that people experience in everyday life and it doesn't produce another thing.
All of the people learn from their act and experience in everyday life.
Connectivity defines our use of communications technologies like mobile phones, computers, e-mail, the Internet.
capital, commodities, people, knowledge, information and ideas, crime,
pollution, diseases, fashions, beliefs, images and so forth are connecting nowadays.
one of the global cultural experience is global market. People can know differnt cultural goods by shopping.
But massive capital's effects like Mc donald, starbucks, nike, Disney, Microsoft, Google, 
is called cultural inperialism, Americanization and westernization.
wetern culture spread to every part of the globe, and the consequent threat of a loss of distinct non-Western
cultural traditions.
And common speculation is globalization process will lead to a "single global culture". 
Deterritorialization is cultural terms of globalization. Culture and
geographical, social territory are dissipated in hypothesis that culture
is closely related with region. People are extending their experience place.
Lastly, There is a dilemma between what we might
think of as a ‘benign’ form of universalism, global solidarity and 
cultural autonomy, cultural identity and ‘sovereignty’.


2.
Culture as connectivity,Deterritorialization were new concept for me.  
And I was interested in dilemma between what we might
think of as a ‘benign’ form of universalism, global solidarity and 
cultural autonomy, cultural identity and ‘sovereignty’.
It's very important issue in society and also in indivisually.
And I thought it's different in part and people will take balance by case.  

3.
I want to discuss about experience dilemma in cultural identity in your life.

Cultural globaliztion

 

summary :

 

Before argument about cultural globalizaion, what is culture? culture is not certain product or power. culture founds meaning of life. This meaning is related to human's existence. For example, shared story(narrative) show meaning about life in one culture. Some people think that culture globalization as capitalism's impact. It looks to culture is economy's part. But it is good to understand culture as potential impact about cultural existence.

Globalization have unifying character. deterritorialization implys cultural nature relation's loss in geographical or sociological territory. deterritorialization means significance of cultural location. Any more culture is not tied. Deterritorialization refer meeting between connectivity and locality in our everyday life. We can meet macdonalde, coca-cola, global food every where.

Also telemediazation changes our life. Developed medias like internet, tv are talked 'virtual travel'. telemediazation makes possibly instant access and changes our cultural values. These instant access alludes runaway speed. Argument about cultural globalization involves comprehension about runaway speed.

 

Mention of any new, interesting, or unusual items learned :

I interestingly read about cultural identity. This is part of test. "'identities' are aspects of the differentiating, institutionalizing and socially regulating nature of modern life." Identity first used in modern life. Identity means unique trait of individual. Identity have to naturally exist to person in previous period. By the way, why identity word represented in modern society? Modern society has feature 'telemediatiztion'. I read "telemediatization of culure is a key distinction in twenty first century life. (...) It seems to me, then, that one of the main challenges of global cultural analysis is to come to terms with the way in which telemediatization is shaping our lives." Telemediazation also effects identity. We can reach other culture, faith, value thogh internet, TV. It tells we recognize other identity and perform our personal identity.  

 

 

Discussion Point :

Processing culture globalizaion, we know about various culture. Besides shared culture and identity in own local community, we have different identity and like different culture. These various preferences increasingly are respected to one value. This view is interpreted as individualism or humanity(individualism and humanity are differ). In korea, individualism is one of foreign culture value. Also personal preference and identity are more significant in korea society. Almost people really regard their preference as significant meaning.

Though we believe own identity is unique, this trust is also effected from external culture. In fact, trust that person is unique is one of individualism from western faith. According to Michel Foucault, he argued that the gay identity didn't exist past, that was discussion point of view rather than nature of view in his writing 'Histoire de la Sexualite'. How we really feel own preference or identity?

Cultural Globalization

1/ Summarize :

The globalization is a multidimensional phenomenon, that is it is made in several different domains. It’s the fast process which engenders the increase of connectivities worldwide. It has naturally obvious effects in our everyday lifes, mainly in our use of the technologies of communication. We live in a much more connected world, in which we share the same concerns on the world and in which the other cultures influence our own lifestyle.

The economy is the most important element in the phenomenon of globalization, however it can’t be considered as the cause of this process. On one hand, the economy works independently of the culture, that is the human apsiration. And on the other hand, the globalization has impacts on the culture.

The cultural globalization is sometimes called americanization, cultural imperialism or westernization, what is perceived as the domination of a culture on the others.

Our personal acts are influenced by our own culture and our acts and our lifestyle influence the world markets. There is a mutual influence between the globalization and the culture.

A speculation about the globalization is that it will bring has a world unique culture. Indeed, we can see the unifying effects of the existing connectivity worldwide. The local problesm become world concerns with effects on the rest of the world.

However, the world does not become there for all that unified. The globalization is an uneven process. Indeed, the most developed countries are more involved there and have more influence on the rest of the world. Whereas the less developed countries, as the Third World, participate little in the globalization.

There is a threat in the globalization which is the American imperialism. An example is the total domination of the present big American brands signs in all the parts of the globe. This phenomenon of americanization could bring to the loss of the other cultures. Having said that, you should not confuse the consumption of cultural property with the cultural practices.

The world connectivity engenders a shock of civilizations, moving closer to very different cultures. So, certain Muslim countries oppose the globalization, being afraid that this globalization installs the culture western as the ideal culture. Historically, already, the Christianity placed its own culture in the center of the world. In the 13th century, we attend a domination of elements stemming from the Christianity. At that time, all these tracks of the Christianity strenghten the idea of a world unified around the same faith.

In the 20th century, Marx and Engels anticipate the phenomenon of globalization in their works, in which they speak about a universal unique world. Marw was convinced internationalist, however his thought was Eurocentric and he did not take into account the impact of the ethnic and religious links in the modernity. The neo-Marxists are as for them, more pessimistic than Marx about the perspectives of the globalization. The liberal culture of today claims as for her the cultural difference. Today, we must be cosmopolitan and not impose a particular culture.

The cultural globalization can be approached in a different way by analyzing its effects on the various localities. The culture is bound to the locality, its history and its way of functioning. In spite of the globalization, every place keeps its cultural specificity, in places the most connected to the globalization. The deterritorialization, the aspect of the globalization is smelt in our daily actions and in our personal choices. The telemediatization, forms of deterritorialization, also acts on our lives and our values. The modern life moves forward with the fast rhythm of the technologies. This immediate access engenders more opening at people who think more global. For those who consider the globalization as a threat, the cultural identity is perceived as fragile and endangered. Yet, the plurality of the positions of identity is possible. Today, the idea is to preserve the local practices while valuing the equality and the world solidarity.

2/ Mention of any new, interesting, or unusual items learned :

An interesting point is the influence which the religion has on our current thoughts ! Certain more and more atheistic countries keep nevertheless religious values anchored well in their thoughts. We can read in this text, an opposition between the Christian countries and the countries having a religion particularistic as the Islam. The Christianity leaves no room in the cultural difference and takes place in the center of the world as the unique thought. In opposition, the more particulatistic religions leave a place with the humanity of the other people. The Christian ethnocentric thought is present always in our modern time. And it is maybe one of the causes of what we canc all the westernization.

3/ Identify at least one question that’s either problematic :

An interesting question that I settle is : can we exceed the shock of civilizations ? Indeed, the globalization moves closer to very different cultures. The globalization is moreover rejected by the Muslim world. Its cultural opposition engenders conflicts all over the world. The globalization is a process which we can’t prevent. In these conditions, how live together cith civilizations which do not wish it ? How to establish a climate of safety between civilizations having opposite values ?

Cultural Globalization

 

1) summary

 

Generally accepted general proposition is that globalization is a multidimensional process within economy, politics, technological developments-media and communications technologies, environmental change and of culture. Although there are some conflicts about precedence or causal primacy to any one of these dimensions, globalization is a complex, accelerating, integrating process of global connectivity. Connectivity defines our communications technologies such as mobile phones, computers and the Internet. It also affects the urban environments most people inhabit. It increasingly influences the way people earn, foods people eat, the music, cinema and television that forms our entertainment, and our experience of mobility and travel. Understanding globalization as a generalized process of increasing connectedness helps us to keep in mind the multidimensional complexity of the process. But there is an implicit agreement that relative important sphere is economy. We have to resist the temptation to attribute economic sphere with causal primacy in the globalization process. Writer mentioned two reasons. First, temptation to economic reductionism operates on an unrealistically narrow conception of the economic. Second, it distorts our understanding of the sphere of culture. Some expressions like ‘the impact of globalization on culture’ contain meanings that globalization operates outside of culture. According to Anthony Giddens (1990), cultural globalization involves the increasing ‘reflexivity’ of modern life: the systemic integration of countless individual actions into the workings of the social institutions which appear autonomously to govern our lives. Culture is a significant dimension globalization both has its effects and simultaneously is generated and shaped.

 

 

People commonly speculate globalization process will lead to a single global culture. Although it is just a speculation, it seems possible because we can see the unifying effects of connectivity in our other spheres – particularly in the economic sphere. Cultural globalization implies the cultural imperialism, the spread of Western capitalist, culture to every part of the globe, and the consequent threat of a loss of distinct non-Western cultural traditions. Another way of approaching cultural globalization is understanding the effects of globalization as they are felt within particular localities. Deterritorialization means that the significance of the geographical location of a culture. It means not only the physical, environmental location, but the self-definitions, ethnic boundaries and delimiting practices that have accrued around this – is eroding. Culture is no longer restricted to local circumstances. The positive effect from deterritorialization is that it promotes a new sensibility of cultural openness, human mutuality and global ethical responsibility while changing our experience of local life. Amanda Anderson has described the core part of cultural-political problems posed by contemporary globalization as the ‘divided legacies of modernity’. It represents two strong rational principles pulling in different directions, universal human rights and cultural difference. It’s hard to solve. We need to create and develop more flexible cultural concepts to deal with future world.

 

 

2) Interesting things I learned;

 

During class, I thought I tried to think globalization within wide point of view. I considered aspects of cultures. However, I really consider cultures as a result of globalization. Unconsciously, I thought that way. I couldn’t figure out why I thought globalization in a narrow point of view. I can realize why I did from this article. I can learn a desirable attitude when we study globalization. I am also interested ‘deterritorialization’. I felt ambiguous about deterritorialization before. I am impressed that we aware of distance only in terms of a time difference. It can certainly explain deterritorialization. Actually we can know events everywhere worldwide with our mobile phone or internet. We also know presidential election pledges in the US. We can go Shanghai in 2 hours and talk with friend anywhere at the same time by internet. It changes widely our daily life and cultural experiences. Technical developments widen our environments really.

 

 

3) Discussion points ;

 

In this article, there are some stories that certain cultures denigrated different cultures. And it was related to religions sometimes. While I read this, I was wondering the criteria we have when we judge something or have belief. Internationally major religions are Christianity, Catholicism, Buddhism and Hinduism. However, religion is not a science that can be verified. It’s one of faith. Within this thoughts, there is no priority within religions. Nowadays, In Korea, people regard some people who believe a cult as people who have mental illness. Before read it, I also thought a cult is bad although I don’t believe a certain religion. Who can define certain religion ‘cult’? Why people think that way even though there is no criteria and universal truths. Can we see this phenomenon is affected by major cultures? As a result of Westernization, some minor cultures have disappeared. If our religion would be regarded as cult, what should we do?

Cultural Globalization

Cultural Globalization

 

1. Summary of "Cultural globalization"

 

Many Socialist and economist said that the Globalization is the spread of western capitalism values so they think that the Globalization is ‘cultural imperialism’, ‘Americanization’ or ‘Westernization’. They think also Cultural Globalization is highly related with global market. To them, Culture is not a power, something to which social events can be causally attributed and the Cultural Globalization is the spread of commodities and ideologies, which became standardized around the world. They think that the Global Cuture is the result of the Cultural Globalization.

As Cultural Globalization is spread, that will lead a single global culture. in this case the interconnection between nation will be more important. just for example, Our world became global, we have same problem (Global warming, Greenhouse gas emission ...) but the global interconnection is not meaning of "world united -economical and political " There is always main stream and many people think that the main stream is western values. The peoples ,who think like that, think that cultural globalization is cultural imperialism (the spread of western capitalism values) and this kind of think can be shown by many global western company.(Microsoft, Mcdonald, Coke ...) and also music ( Bob Marley, American Pop music ...)

There is different opinion of Globalization that is "Deterritorialization"

The peoples ,who trust deterritorialization, think that the culture produced by locality no more. To them, most impotant factor to make culture is reality. They refers to the integration of different events, process and relationships in reality can create modern culture.

 

2. What was interesting/what did you learn:

For me, It is really interesting that many socialist and economist analyzed the Globalization in many ways. Especially the perspective of economic is really interesting. Some of Socialist and Economist say that the Cultural Globalization is just spread of Western Capitalism. They think that the Globalization is Westernization, Americanization, and Macdonaldization. I think that the first of Globalization is quite cultural. we know that the beginning of our world history, there were some cultural civilization and nation (Four Ancient Civilization, Ancient China, Rome ...) They knew each other and also they trade not only economically but also culturally. For example the Alphabet is the result of Cultural Globalzation. Because the Alphabet is not created from English but Phoenician. There is no Phoenicia nowaday, but many of european nations (Germany, England, France, Spain, Italy ...) use the Alphabet as their mother-language.

 

3. Discussion Point:

 

What will be happen at the future? There will be just only one Global Culture or Many Nations can have and protect their own culture? just my opinion, The Globalization can be make one main stream culture a.k.a Global Culture but each of nations`s culture will be never disappeared. For example, we can think about our nation 'Korea'. As we already know that korean is really changed before 100 years before. Even thought Korea was Monarchy nation before 100 years, Korea is became Capitalism and Democracy nation. Nowadays, Many of korean people think just same as western people (American, European...) and also many of our culture is quite western style. but we know that some of our culture will be never changed. In korea we use two types of speak. one is for friend and just common situation, but another way is for older people and polite situation. For Korean people is commonsense that we use “Honorific(존댓말)“ to older people because we think the social code of manners is really important. We can think about the same case in others nations. We know that each nation has their own culture and the culture can not be changed easily. Culture shows their own identity and nationality. Finally, I think that Globalization can make and spread one Global Culture but the tranditional culture of own nation will be not disappeared.

 

Second discussion point is " Regional Interconnection will be changed? "

We already know that the nations ,that same regional geographical position, have many common things (Language, Culture, Manner, Food ...) Because in the past, the same region can mean the same culture. but how about nowadays?

for example, we can think about Korea, Japan and China. In the past and also nowadays, These three nations have really many common things. but are there same in the future? I don`t think so. Just for reason I can say many things. First reason is the politic system. We know that the politic systems between Korea, Japan and China are really different. Korea and Japan are Liberal democracy and Capitalism nation But China is Socialism nation. I think that if same people live different situation and condition, they will be different because Humans are animals of the environment. My opinion is that the regional Interconnection will be weaker and weaker. I am curious about what`s your opinion of my two discussion points.

 

 

 

Cultural Gloalization

1. Summary of "Cultural globalization"


Globalization is widely shown throughout the entire region, including economic, political and technological developments.
Globalization and may progress rapidly, while interdependence now forms a network across international boundaries.
We can feel the influence of globalization on the everyday lives of our lives.  So in cultural globalization, we are able to analyze the culture.
Single spreading a culture of global capitalism is that the consumption of inert categories emerging in culture.
But the concept of culture is relatively vague.
We should aim to have to think of the community as a cultural globalization process.
Culture has a meaning of life. The agenda of globalization in cultural perspective is that dimension of globalization in culture.
So, we Should consider the expansion and spread into a deep approach to all current people and places on the planet, so we definitely see the social, political, and indeed strengthened by the globalization trends in the cultural sector.
Cultural globalization has meant a form of cultural imperialism promotes the spread of Western capitalism.
The concern here is the total dominance of their world culture.
Other ways to solve this problem is to make a more modern globalization in the context of the past.
Social and cultural context that made Imagine a world with its own culture, one of the places in the center of it.
Universal culture, religious worldview is not limited to one culture.
Unified global culture, they are generally centered as well as their ethnic origin. 
Therefore, it is possible to predict some of the cultural globalization.
But there is another, more promising way of access to cultural globalization.
Knowing this, we know about the idea of deterritorialization.
This means that the loss of natural relationships in the geographic cultural and social areas.
Territorialization refers to a range of local connections that perform in the life.
Weakening of the traditional relationship between cultural experience and is proven to be the most extensive geographical regions the effects of cultural globalization.
The territorialization of globalization makes the difference is the culture created by the region not longer.
This phenomenon occurs in deterritorialization has complex relationship between economic, political and technological factors.
And this is probably the most direct impact of changes in consumption patterns.
This experience of several global media through the use of cultural horizons and moving the rise of mobility, new communication technologies people can easily integrate local and global culture in their consciousness.
We must develop this idea in human interactions and globalization, a new world of emotions through a simple consideration of a global ethical responsibility for the destiny of cultural identity.
Cosmopolitanism and cultural identity is a wide field of view and hope of the human rights discourse and global solidarity.
This creates the regulation of social economic and cultural behaviors and adjust cultural practices.
Community cultural identity is configured based on the definition of the community.
However, crucial mistakes of people who think of globalization as a threat to cultural identity is to be confused with the West.
A modern form of universal cultural imagination of the human experience constitutes meaning through the practice of all cultures.
Now we think about how we see the world's attention to the institutionalization of the cultural problem.
Modern identity position is compatible with a huge range of cultures, Thus, we have an urgent need for us to provide a much more agile and flexible concept of culture.




2.Interesting learned things


Cultural globalization refers to transmission in a manner thought to enhance the extension and social relationships, and the mean value over the world. 
In modern society, and at the beginning of the 20th century, this process that the Internet, media, popular culture, diffused by the International Travel culture is represented by the general consumption. 
This was added to the process of commodity exchange and the colony has a long history holding meanings of the world's cultures. 
Circulation of culture allows individuals to participate in social relations that cross national and regional boundaries expand. 
The creation and expansion of social relations is not only observed in the material level. 
Cultural globalization and the people who including their own personal and cultural norms formation of covalent linking identity and knowledge of the group. 
This provides an increased cross between different groups and culture.
The current rating for the opposing globalization of this culture have been made. 
On the other hand, the evaluation shows that are presented the voices of concern that was quickly extinguished the identity of national culture is also big. 
Any country all these discussions about the globalization of culture in our society experiencing rapid modernization have learned through that and provide an important clue to discuss the future prospects of the modern global culture.



3. Discussion Point

In highly developed culture, I want to discuss about current era of globalization.
Culture is identity can be called for any society. 
However, I think culture is changing from the current trend of several cultures coexist, depending on Globalization likely be difficult to define together the nature, identity.
Moreover, the world community will look different cultures together seek to influence each other so that their identity is prescribed more and more. 
Terms of dynamism and diversity of the different cultures that much can be mixed to accommodate any culture whatever within a certain range will be the advantage that globalization may have. 
And I think in the same sense that culture is developing and changing. 
I also learned in the reading text that cultural globalization dominated by the Weston society.
so one of the so-called transnational corporations rather than the presence of companies in the country beyond the total production of a country want to try the discussion about the status of cultural globalization is emerging.
So I want to talk about the power and reality of transnational corporations that drive globalization in the cultural debate.

Cultural Gloalization

1.     Summary:

Globalization is a multidimensional process, taking place within the field of the economy, of politics, of technological developments at the same time. Globalization refers to the rapidly developing network of interconnections and interdependencies that characterize material, social, economic and cultural life in the modern world. Use of communications technologies such as mobile phones, computers, e-mail and etc increases connectivity. Globalization is a generalized process of increasing connectivity.

There is some opinion that is about the globalization process is that it will lead to a single global culture. Karl Marx’s representation of society provides the most vivid imagination of a global culture. Marx and Engels who are communist present. Explained that communist society is a world with a universal language, a world literature and integrated cosmopolitan cultural tastes

Globalization is rapidly changing our experience of locality. Globalization causes deterritorialization. Deterritorialization means that is the loss of the natural relation of culture to geographical and social domains. Deterritorialization is not simply the loss of the experience of a local culture. Deterritorialization is not simply the loss of the experience of a local culture. it is not as though localities, and the particularities, nuances and differences they generate, suddenly and entirely disappear. Localities, on the contrary, thrive in globalization. Deterritorialization that is aspect of globalization is felt in very ordinary everyday practices. For example, we can eat and buy easily some foreign food such as Japanese and Mexican food in our local market, and we can use internet to see some foreign programs in the real time. Deterritorialization is not simple phenomenon, but complex phenomenon that is set of economic, political and technological factors.

Globalization progress more and more in the world, There is a dilemma that is choice between Universal human rights and cultural identity(autonomy). But, the crucial mistake of those who regard globalization as a threat to cultural identity is to confuse this Western modern form of cultural imagination with a universal of human experience. The both that are global human rights and cultural autonomy are important

1.     What was interesting/what did you learn:

I am interested in dilemma that is choice between Universal human rights and cultural identity(autonomy). I think that many people has experience to think that. So do I. For example, do you know hijab? Muslim women wear hijab for religious reasons. In this aspect, hijab is cultural identity and cultural autonomy. But In the aspect of women’s rights, wearing hijab can be wrongful habit of clothing. When I read this article, I can think example of dilemma.

 I am also interested in deterritorialization because I haven't heard concept of deterritorialization before. So reading this article, I can know that Deterritorialization means that is the loss of the natural relation of culture to geographical and social domains and this concept is not simply the loss of the experience of a local culture and it is not simply the loss of the experience of a local culture. it is not as though localities, and the particularities, nuances and differences they generate, suddenly and entirely disappear. In other words. I can know that I haven't know this concept, but there are always deterritorialization in my life.

2.     Discussion Point:

As noted above, I am interested in dilemma that is choice between Universal human rights and cultural identity(autonomy) and I give an example of hijab. So I want discuss about this point. Recently, France make a law that is prohibition of burquini that is swimsuit of Muslim women. In some aspect, wearing burquini is cultural identity and cultural autonomy. But In the aspect of women’s rights, wearing burquini can infringe on woman's rights. In the France, the French government has opinion that wearing burquini is bad thing on woman's rights. But is this morally right? It can be another invasion of liberty. So I want to discuss about this dilemma with students.